The Rise Of Melaka

The Rise Of Melaka IN 1511,despite the fearless endeavors of its protectors the last safeguards of Malacca was overpowered despite a savage and continued Portuguese invasion.Sultan Mahmud and his staying battling men were at long last compelled to forsake the city and withdrew to Pahang before moving to Johor where his descendents established the Sultanate Of Johore which endured into 1914 . The fall of Malacca to the Portuguese finished in excess of a hundred years of Malay guideline. At its stature, the sultanate was one of the universes busiest emporia, drawing in ships from the Middle-East, India, China, the Ryukyu, and the encompassing islands of the Archipelago. During the period, Malay riches and influence overwhelmed the area. It was likewise a powerful Islamic centre.It was a universal enterport of its day a similar way Singapore is to us today. Researchers for the most part concur that the fall of the Malacca sultanate denoted a defining moment in Malaysian and world history. Be that as it may, they differ with regards to the idea of that significance. Numerous Western authors depict the fall of Malacca as introducing another political and monetary request in Malaysia and South-East Asia, one ruled by the West. Others, including Asian researchers, question this. They demand that the Portuguese Empire was actually a business venture dependent on a progression of deliberately found strengthened posts. The Portuguese were always unable to force an impact in the manner the Malacca sultanate once did. Inside the circle of intensity in the Straits of Malacca, the Portuguese were just one of them.And not at all like the Malacca Empire didn't grow its impact past the City of Malacca. From the Western point of view, the achievement of the Portuguese in Asia was of age making significance. The catch of Malacca was the feature of about a hundred years of Portuguese investigation. Before this, Western merchants had ventured out overland to arrive at China. In any case, it was uniquely in 1498 that a Portuguese armada under Vasco da Gama at long last adjusted the Cape of Good Hope and showed up at the Malabar Coast of India. Just because, a Western armada from Europe had arrived at Asia. Adam Smith, in his exemplary Wealth of Nations, pronounced this as one of the two incredible occasions recorded in mankind's history. The other, as indicated by him, was the disclosure of The New World(America) For quite a while Europe had looked for an ocean course to China and the East. Be that as it may, what persuaded nations, for example, Portugal and Spain to embrace early investigations and to look for regional development? Portugal was then just a little and poor nation of about an expected 1 million individuals. A blend of thought processes, for example, logical interest, experience, benefits, and strict enthusiasm clarifies the help given by the state in the early Portuguese and Spanish investigations. Perhaps the most punctual benefactor was Prince Henry of the Portuguese decision house and he was definitely keen on science and topography. In any case, maybe the superseding factor was that there were benefits to be made in the exchange of flavors. During the Crusades from the eleventh to the thirteenth century, Christian knights and explorers had obtained the flavors of the Mediterranean, including flavors. Flavors at that point implied Eastern extravagances however pepper, nutmeg, clovers, and cinnamon were the more exceptionally looked for. These different flavors before long got fundamental for food protection and planning in the pre-refrigeration period of Europe. In any case, the flavor exchange was constrained by Arabs and Indian Muslims who ruled the Indian Ocean. Europe could just get pepper and cinnamon through the agents vendors of Genoa and Venice. Strict enthusiasm was likewise behind the endeavor to debilitate Arab and Indian Muslim control of the zest exchange. To this could be added the zealous want to carry the gospel to non-Christian terrains. In any case, the Portuguese had next to no navigational information to get to Asia. Besides, the Muslims controlled significant lots of the waters. A few wayfarers chose to attempt an alternate course. Subsequently, six years before Da Gamas journey, Christopher Columbus cruised westbound, accepting this to be a shorter and simpler approach to Asia. Rather, he arrived at America. It brought a few exploratory journeys down the west bank of Africa before Da Gama at long last made it to India. In the event that quick returns were to be estimated, at that point the endeavor had extremely little to appear. The excursion had endured over two years and, of the first team of 170, just 54 endure. The glass globules, knickknacks and materials brought to Calicut, India, by the Portuguese found no interest. On its way back, Da Gamas mission depended on holding onto a payload of flavors from a little Muslim boat. From a more extensive view, Da Gamas undertaking must likewise be viewed as actually an unassuming sea accomplishment contrasted with Arab sailors who had been circumnavigating Africa for quite a long time before him. Middle Easterners exchanged over significant distances extending from ports of the Mediterranean through to India and to China. When of Chinas Tang administration, there was a huge network of Muslim vendors in Guangzhou (Khanfu to the Arabs). Nitty gritty Arab navigational manuals, for example, by Ibn Majid gave cruising data from Africa to China. Similarly, Chinese boats had by the ninth century been exchanging consistently at Quilon, a port only south of Calicut. The utilization of the compass and advances in transport innovation helped Chinese abroad exchange. In excess of a hundred years before Da Gama, Admiral Zheng He (Cheng Ho) drove a Ming armada of 62 huge boats that approached rulers in the South-East Asian district. In the following hardly any years, the Ming heads conveyed six additional endeavors. One of these drove by Admiral Zheng He arrived at the east African ports of Malindi and Mogadishu just as Aden and Hormuz in the Arabian Sea-Persian Gulf zone. For Western researchers, Da Gamas campaign characterized the start of another age in world history. For over a thousand years, Europe had been on edge, warding off the Islamic and afterward the Mongol dangers. As indicated by British student of history Eric Hobsbawm, Europe after Vasco da Gama played an increasingly emphatic universal job and throughout the following 500 years picked up authoritative impact over most pieces of Asia. The Portuguese first, and afterward the Spaniards, the Dutch, the British, and the French cut out realms. It was under two emissaries, Francisco de Almeida (1505-09) and Afonso dAlbuquerque (1509-15) that Portugals Asian domain, the Estado da India, was made. DAlbuquerque actually drove maritime crusades to hold onto vital focuses along the significant exchange courses. Goa was caught in 1510, Malacca in 1511, and Hormuz at the passageway of the Persian Gulf in 1515. The Portuguese took over Malacca yet the city never recaptured the flourishing and the force that was seen during the sultanate time frame. When Malacca was not, at this point controlled by Malays, it lost the daulat, or authenticity, to order tributes and exchange from the encompassing states. Where there was one predominant emporium in the Straits of Malacca in the fifteenth century, by the turn of the sixteenth there were a few. The Portuguese nearness endure generally by aligning itself with one or a few of the neighborhood states. From the nearby students of history perspective, the fall of Malacca had in any event three other significant effects on the prompt course of South-East Asian history. Right off the bat, the move of Muslims dealers from Malacca added to the ascent of Aceh. New advertisement success and political force fortified Acehs guarantee to being the new Islamic focus in the Straits. Aceh, at the tallness of its capacity in the sixteenth and seventeenth hundreds of years, vanquished the majority of north Sumatra and broadened impact over the Peninsular west coast states. The Acheh push to the coast states were in any case hindered by The Portuguese Empire The Johore Empire which after the fall of Malacca assumed responsibility for the majority of the Malacca previous Vassal states, for example, Pahang,Perak,Terengganu and Temasik(Singapore).The three forces kept on battling with one another for control of the Malacca waterways exchange on into the eighteenth century. The Sultanate of Melaka or Malacca Sultanate (Malay: Kesultanan Melayu Melaka) was a Malay sultanatecentered in the these days province of Melaka, Malaysia. Customary verifiable treatise marks around 1400 as the establishing year of the sultanate by a backstabber Malay Raja of Singapura, Iskandar Shah, who was likewise referred to in specific records as Parameswara. The view anyway is being contend by another chronicled agreement that place the establishing year in around 1262. At the tallness of the sultanates impact in the fifteenth century, its capital developed into one of the most significant entrepots of now is the right time, with space covering a great part of the Malay promontory, Riau Islands and a critical segment of the east shoreline of Sumatra. As a loud global exchanging harbor, Melaka showed up as an inside for Islamic instructional exercise and spread, and supported the advancement of the Malay language, writing and expressions. It proclaimed the brilliant time of Malay sultanates in the archipelago, wherein Classical Malay turned into the most widely used language of the Maritime Southeast Asia and Jawi content turned into the essential mode for chronicled, strict and scholarly trade. It is through these erudite person, otherworldly and social turns of events, the Melakan time saw the enculturation of a Malay status, the Malayisation of the area and the resulting development of an Alam Melayu. In 1511, the capital of Melaka tumbled to the Portuguese Empire, compelling the last Sultan, Mahmud Shah (r. 1488-1511), to decay to the further reaches of his domain, where his offspring built up new decision administrations, Johor and Perak. The heritage of the sultanate stayed, with noteworthiness lies in its extensive political and social inheritance, which, apparently, keeps on being felt in present day times. For quite a long time, Melaka has been held up as a model of Malay-Muslim human advancement. It built up frameworks of exchange, strategy, and administration that persevered well into the nineteenth century, and presented ideas, for example, daulat-a particularly Malay thought of power

How does The Aeneid confirm values that Polybius described as the Essay

How does The Aeneid affirm values that Polybius depicted as the wellsprings of Roman enormity or achievement - Essay Example At that point, there was likewise progressive joining and assimilation of vanquished individuals into Rome. In conclusion, they made a slow development until they arrived at their fringes. Polybius was a Greek student of history who moved into Rome after the expelling of Greeks into Italy. He was hence ready to move to the Roman circles and witness significant crusades in the Mediterranean district. This gave him an extraordinary chance to break down the standards past the Roman incredible achievement. So as to be effective, Rome maintained a strategic distance from the way of life of oppression by having a blended constitution wherein in a solitary state there are three types of government which remember the government for type of chose officials, nobility spoke to by the senate and vote based system in type of well known congregations (Phiz). The desire and HR of Rome were developing simultaneously. This made the administration hard to challenge for quite a long time. Thus Rome composed its arrangements well and built up a security complex which would empower it take free of every one of its aggressors. The different achievement factors for the Roman Empire were destiny, assurance destiny and benevolence with respect to its pioneers. It will not be right to disregard the way that Rome had extraordinary maritime boats and solid naval force faculty who could cross numerous areas and put them under their bondage. On occasion they even depended on remote hired fighters particularly when they were managing abroad nations. The Aeneid is the Roman epic sonnet which discusses the establishing legends of the Roman Empire. One such legend is Augustus a title given to Octavian implying a deliverer who had carried harmony to Rome by consummation common war. The Aeneid presents numerous equals to the ascent to intensity of Augustus for example the common war, the annihilation of the Troy, the wanderings of the Aeneas, decimation of the republic lastly the making of harmony in the nation. The Aeneid is along these lines an expert Augustan publicity since Virgil utilizes it for promulgation about roman legends to come and

Startup Advisors - When, Who and How

Startup Advisors - When, Who and How © Shutterstock.com | Jacob LundIn this article, we will explore 1) startup advisors, 2) when you need a startup advisor, 3) whom you should choose as a startup advisor, 4) how to choose the right startup advisor, and 5) how you can get most from your advisors.STARTUP ADVISORSA startup advisor is an individual or a group of individuals who assist you to run your business successfully. The right advisors can materially improve the way your company operates. In fact, by bringing in the right startup advisors, you get to achieve a lot of your goals quicker than you had planned off (mostly because you get to leverage the experience of other efficient and experienced professionals). These advisors render proper advice, useful introductions, investment plans and social proofs. They live up to the expectations of your business and go that extra mile to offer you unconventional yet extremely effective business insights. Their experience counts, and it helps you to run your business better.Ac quiring the right advisors and forming a proper advisory board is an ongoing effort. You need to use your networking skills while hiring these experts. In case you’re planning to choose a prospective advisor, make sure to get his testimonials from his other advisees. While communicating with his ex-clients you will get to understand his credibility and efficiency as an advisor. Also, while recruiting a team or an individual, it is always better to get the introductions first. Once the introductions or initial advice works out for your business, you can hire them immediately. Almost all worthwhile advisors would agree to this test.WHEN DO YOU NEED A STARTUP ADVISOR?Before choosing a startup advisor, you need to know when and why you should ‘actually’ hire these professionals. Here are few guidelines that’ll help you make the best pick.Successfully launch your startup calls.  A couple of good and experienced startup advisors can come extremely handy in helping you to launch yo ur startup calls successfully. Whether it is targeted introduction or some real sound advice regarding your company; these experts are always ready to assist you.Solve industry-specific problems.  Startups usually look out for advisors who are popular or successful in a specific niche of business. This indicates that these professionals can easily solve industry-specific problems. Their experience helps them to handle the problems smoothly and come up with the most viable and effective solutions. A good startup advisor will understand your business, its landscape and also the numerous challenges associated with it. Therefore, if you’re looking for a professional who is experienced in your specific industry and has also handled industry-specific problems; a good startup advisor can be the perfect option.Think about all aspects of your business.  A startup advisor is extremely essential if you’re looking for someone who thinks through all the aspects of your business. A good and e fficient professional will analyze your business proceedings and will also ask you questions regarding the kind of service you offer. They will be ethical about accepting the equities and help you to run your business smoothly, in every possible way.Genuinely gain from your business and expand it.  Running a business can be a tough call, especially if you are getting started for the first time. However, when you have a good startup advisor by your side, your business prospects will soon buck up. An efficient startup advisory team will help you to gain genuinely from your business and expand it.Monitor your decision-making process.  Making the right decisions is absolutely necessary to run your business smoothly, and a startup advisory team can exactly help you in this regard. A team of advisors comprising of specialists, critical thinking experts, and generalists from different backgrounds will easily reveal the positive and negative aspect of all the important decisions you take. T his will turn out to be a competitive advantage of your company and will also buck up its visibility, authenticity, and profits.Sets your business on the right course.  Experience is one of the most important aspects of a business. So, with a team of experienced business advisors, your chances of being successful will drastically improve. No single individual can have complete insight into all aspects of a business. Due to this reason it is good to go for a team of advisors. A proper advisory board that meets and discusses from time to time will help you to avoid big mistakes and will also set your business on the right course. They will effectively buck up the startup side of your business and also improve the clarity of your entrepreneurial operations.Marketing and sales.  No business can thrive without proper marketing. Due to this reason, choosing the right startup advisors is absolutely important. These professionals will monitor your market and sales and also improve the credi bility of your business. Their wise and sound advice will surely pave the way for your success.Overall support.  A good startup advisor will analyze market conditions, forecast trends and will also recommend technological innovations (if needed). They will also suggest changes in your products services and provide a set of ‘fresh’ for your business. Not only will they provide you good ideas, but will also assist you with proper business advice. So if you’re looking for an inexpensive alternative to the conventional board of directors’ team, a team of startup advisors can be a great option. These professionals will help, assist and provide holistic support to you.WHO SHOULD YOU CHOOSE AS A STARTUP ADVISOR?With numerous talented professionals around, choosing the rights startup advisor can indeed be a tricky job. So, in case you’re baffled while choosing these experts, here are a few guidelines that can help.People with excellent coaching abilities.  The best startup advisor s come with excellent coaching abilities. Instead of solving your problems and simply answering your queries, they counter-question you with powerful queries that make you think out-of-the-box. They help you to solve your own issues and handle your own assumptions with the right guidance.People with deep passion for your business.  More profits and higher revenues are merely the byproducts of hard work and immense passion for business. So find someone who’s not solely driven by the ‘money making’ motive. A good startup advisor is not only honest, but also competent in leadership abilities and driven by a great passion for your business.People with profound industry knowledge.  While looking out for the right startup advisors, you need to choose someone who comes with a strong industry expertise. Profound industry specific knowledge will not only buck up strategic planning but will also help you to take the right decisions. On top of that, their involvement in your business wil l help you to utilize your professional network effectively and avoid all big mistakes.Professionals who are perfectly aligned with team members.  One of the best ways to choose and to add more advisors to your business is by opting for experts who are perfectly aligned with your core team members. This will not only make the business proceedings smoother, but it’ll also buck up your business strategies and decision-making process.Ones who have great communication skills.  Having a knowledgeable startup advisor on board can be a great thing. However, with knowledge, you have to ensure that the professional also has ample communication skills to communicate that knowledge. If he cannot communicate proper advice or communicates badly; it’ll affect the success of your business. In that case, no matter how knowledgeable he is; all of it is wasted.Professionals who have the right culture fit.  You chosen startup advisor or team of advisors need to have the right culture fit as well. If they do not understand the personality, passion, and the purpose of the startup they are assisting; their advice won’t be up to the mark. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to choose experts who already come with an experience of working in the same office culture. They should have a background that not only fits with your board, but also adds diversity to it.People who are excited about incorporating your ideas.  What’s better than having a group of advisors who are ‘actually’ excited about incorporating your ideas? The right kind of advisors, not only follow what they have to do, but, they also go an extra mile to be more passionate about the work. Apart from providing sound advice, they should also motivate and inspire you holistically.Ones who come with great networking skills.  Having good networking skills is crucial. A good strategic advisor helps you stay connected with the right people and resources thereby helping your company to expand faster.Intelligent i ndividuals.  Your chosen advisor should be incredibly intelligent while formulating new and innovative business strategies. His intelligence will also come handy while providing you sound advice as and when it is necessary.Experience counts.  When it comes to choosing the right advisors for your business, experience really counts. An experienced professional helps you to run your business well and avoid all major and minor pitfalls. They also guide you while making important decisions and coming up with relevant business strategies.HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT STARTUP ADVISOR?Now that you know about the qualities to look out for in an ideal startup advisor; here’s a complete scoop on the entire process of hiring the right advisors.Select professionals on the basis of their expertise Every startup business requires a ‘dream team’. But then, as a startup you can’t end up hiring an advisor for every single expertise you need. Therefore, choose your most important areas of expertise and recruit professionals only for those skills.State your expectations right from the beginning While choosing advisors, it is always better to sign a contractual agreement that covers all the details regarding equity grant or expense reimbursement. You can also explicitly state the frequency of board meetings, official calls and the number of hours expected from a committed professional. Keep it short, simple and clear from the very beginning. This can easily avoid many unnecessary hassles in the long run.Keep the exchange candid You should constantly optimize the relationship with your startup advisors through some candid exchange of feedbacks. While advisors should be questioning about how they can be more helpful, entrepreneurs can counter question about how the professionals can be utilized better for assisting in the business.Have a backup plan Most entrepreneurs have remarked that their advisors have had a success rate of less than 50%. Due to this reason, it is quite na tural when you find a couple of advisors flaking out, changing industries, retiring, or turning out to be too busy for help. In such cases, it is always better to have an exit strategy that’ll come to work when either of the parties feels that the collaboration is not working out.3 ways to find the right team of startup advisorsYou can reach out and create your advisory board, in the following three ways.Hire peers The simplest and the most economical strategy for creating a board of advisors, is to look simply within your business groups and look out for the business owners who are trustworthy and respectable. Encourage them to participate in your monthly/quarterly board meetings, and in exchange, you can offer to sit on their board. In this way not only do you get the advantage of a credible outsider’s perspective but will also help you to build familiarity with your business.Join a program of the advisory board In case, you cannot find any individual with whom you can swap board seats, try opting for an advisory board program. Once you join this program, you will soon be assigned to a board that is pre-staffed. Here, most of the advisors will be the owners of other startup businesses who are willing to seek and offer advice to others.Hire professionals whom you trust You can also follow another alternative approach where you can find a set of advisors whom you respect and trust. They might be from varied professions, and you can try them for at least one-two year terms. Although this approach is slightly extravagant than the others, here, you can customize and ‘actually’ choose your core team of experts.HOW CAN YOU GET THE MOST FROM YOUR ADVISORS?Every business owner wishes to get the most out of their business. In this regard, they also expect their advisors to give their best shot and help them in all situations. Following are a couple of strategies that’ll help you to get the most out of these professionals.Ask Yes. You have to ask your cho sen advisors regarding their strategies, ideas, and advice. If you don’t ask, you won’t get the most. The reason why you chose advisors is simply because they are successful, knowledgeable people with excellent networking skills. This means, they have their prior commitments and are never idle. So, if you ever want their help, you will have to ask them for it. You have to take the first step.Understand your needs In order to get the most out of your advisors; you will have to understand your needs. Try to figure out the kind of advice you need and who can help you in this regard, even before you hire advisors.Payment If you’re asking for helping and counting on an expert for advice, you should also be willing, or rather, happy to pay. Never delay payments and make sure that these paid the exact amount of equities and remunerations as decided in the contract.Mutual respect Any and every contractual relationship is based on mutual respect. Therefore, you should particularly e nsure that you are respectable toward your chosen group of advisors. At the same time, ensure that you too are getting the same respect. Although many advisors come with more experience and scopes than the entrepreneurs, if you don’t feel respected, don’t waste your time with them.The startup advisory board is quite different from other board of advisors. It is more of a role, dealing with mentorship and its members do not really have any fiduciary responsibilities to the organization or the stakeholders. Once your company evolves from the startup stage, you will need a proper board of directors.In order to bring in real money and proper credibility to your startup, you will have to avoid costly development strategies. A proper advisory board is a minor investment and can be really handy for your business. In this regard, don’t be hesitant or afraid to ask people who are out of your realm. Always remember that, unless you ask, you never get to avail the best.All in all, if you ’re looking for someone who’ll do some great job for your company, a startup advisor can be an extremely viable decision. From providing sound advice to helping in recruitment, coming up with new ideas or making new connections; a startup advisor indeed comes with a series of multifaceted functions. Your relationship with the advisor, like any other relationship, will require energy, mutual respect, trust, communication, and commitment. So wait no more and choose the right experts to enjoy the best from your business.

Startup Advisors - When, Who and How

Startup Advisors - When, Who and How © Shutterstock.com | Jacob LundIn this article, we will explore 1) startup advisors, 2) when you need a startup advisor, 3) whom you should choose as a startup advisor, 4) how to choose the right startup advisor, and 5) how you can get most from your advisors.STARTUP ADVISORSA startup advisor is an individual or a group of individuals who assist you to run your business successfully. The right advisors can materially improve the way your company operates. In fact, by bringing in the right startup advisors, you get to achieve a lot of your goals quicker than you had planned off (mostly because you get to leverage the experience of other efficient and experienced professionals). These advisors render proper advice, useful introductions, investment plans and social proofs. They live up to the expectations of your business and go that extra mile to offer you unconventional yet extremely effective business insights. Their experience counts, and it helps you to run your business better.Ac quiring the right advisors and forming a proper advisory board is an ongoing effort. You need to use your networking skills while hiring these experts. In case you’re planning to choose a prospective advisor, make sure to get his testimonials from his other advisees. While communicating with his ex-clients you will get to understand his credibility and efficiency as an advisor. Also, while recruiting a team or an individual, it is always better to get the introductions first. Once the introductions or initial advice works out for your business, you can hire them immediately. Almost all worthwhile advisors would agree to this test.WHEN DO YOU NEED A STARTUP ADVISOR?Before choosing a startup advisor, you need to know when and why you should ‘actually’ hire these professionals. Here are few guidelines that’ll help you make the best pick.Successfully launch your startup calls.  A couple of good and experienced startup advisors can come extremely handy in helping you to launch yo ur startup calls successfully. Whether it is targeted introduction or some real sound advice regarding your company; these experts are always ready to assist you.Solve industry-specific problems.  Startups usually look out for advisors who are popular or successful in a specific niche of business. This indicates that these professionals can easily solve industry-specific problems. Their experience helps them to handle the problems smoothly and come up with the most viable and effective solutions. A good startup advisor will understand your business, its landscape and also the numerous challenges associated with it. Therefore, if you’re looking for a professional who is experienced in your specific industry and has also handled industry-specific problems; a good startup advisor can be the perfect option.Think about all aspects of your business.  A startup advisor is extremely essential if you’re looking for someone who thinks through all the aspects of your business. A good and e fficient professional will analyze your business proceedings and will also ask you questions regarding the kind of service you offer. They will be ethical about accepting the equities and help you to run your business smoothly, in every possible way.Genuinely gain from your business and expand it.  Running a business can be a tough call, especially if you are getting started for the first time. However, when you have a good startup advisor by your side, your business prospects will soon buck up. An efficient startup advisory team will help you to gain genuinely from your business and expand it.Monitor your decision-making process.  Making the right decisions is absolutely necessary to run your business smoothly, and a startup advisory team can exactly help you in this regard. A team of advisors comprising of specialists, critical thinking experts, and generalists from different backgrounds will easily reveal the positive and negative aspect of all the important decisions you take. T his will turn out to be a competitive advantage of your company and will also buck up its visibility, authenticity, and profits.Sets your business on the right course.  Experience is one of the most important aspects of a business. So, with a team of experienced business advisors, your chances of being successful will drastically improve. No single individual can have complete insight into all aspects of a business. Due to this reason it is good to go for a team of advisors. A proper advisory board that meets and discusses from time to time will help you to avoid big mistakes and will also set your business on the right course. They will effectively buck up the startup side of your business and also improve the clarity of your entrepreneurial operations.Marketing and sales.  No business can thrive without proper marketing. Due to this reason, choosing the right startup advisors is absolutely important. These professionals will monitor your market and sales and also improve the credi bility of your business. Their wise and sound advice will surely pave the way for your success.Overall support.  A good startup advisor will analyze market conditions, forecast trends and will also recommend technological innovations (if needed). They will also suggest changes in your products services and provide a set of ‘fresh’ for your business. Not only will they provide you good ideas, but will also assist you with proper business advice. So if you’re looking for an inexpensive alternative to the conventional board of directors’ team, a team of startup advisors can be a great option. These professionals will help, assist and provide holistic support to you.WHO SHOULD YOU CHOOSE AS A STARTUP ADVISOR?With numerous talented professionals around, choosing the rights startup advisor can indeed be a tricky job. So, in case you’re baffled while choosing these experts, here are a few guidelines that can help.People with excellent coaching abilities.  The best startup advisor s come with excellent coaching abilities. Instead of solving your problems and simply answering your queries, they counter-question you with powerful queries that make you think out-of-the-box. They help you to solve your own issues and handle your own assumptions with the right guidance.People with deep passion for your business.  More profits and higher revenues are merely the byproducts of hard work and immense passion for business. So find someone who’s not solely driven by the ‘money making’ motive. A good startup advisor is not only honest, but also competent in leadership abilities and driven by a great passion for your business.People with profound industry knowledge.  While looking out for the right startup advisors, you need to choose someone who comes with a strong industry expertise. Profound industry specific knowledge will not only buck up strategic planning but will also help you to take the right decisions. On top of that, their involvement in your business wil l help you to utilize your professional network effectively and avoid all big mistakes.Professionals who are perfectly aligned with team members.  One of the best ways to choose and to add more advisors to your business is by opting for experts who are perfectly aligned with your core team members. This will not only make the business proceedings smoother, but it’ll also buck up your business strategies and decision-making process.Ones who have great communication skills.  Having a knowledgeable startup advisor on board can be a great thing. However, with knowledge, you have to ensure that the professional also has ample communication skills to communicate that knowledge. If he cannot communicate proper advice or communicates badly; it’ll affect the success of your business. In that case, no matter how knowledgeable he is; all of it is wasted.Professionals who have the right culture fit.  You chosen startup advisor or team of advisors need to have the right culture fit as well. If they do not understand the personality, passion, and the purpose of the startup they are assisting; their advice won’t be up to the mark. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to choose experts who already come with an experience of working in the same office culture. They should have a background that not only fits with your board, but also adds diversity to it.People who are excited about incorporating your ideas.  What’s better than having a group of advisors who are ‘actually’ excited about incorporating your ideas? The right kind of advisors, not only follow what they have to do, but, they also go an extra mile to be more passionate about the work. Apart from providing sound advice, they should also motivate and inspire you holistically.Ones who come with great networking skills.  Having good networking skills is crucial. A good strategic advisor helps you stay connected with the right people and resources thereby helping your company to expand faster.Intelligent i ndividuals.  Your chosen advisor should be incredibly intelligent while formulating new and innovative business strategies. His intelligence will also come handy while providing you sound advice as and when it is necessary.Experience counts.  When it comes to choosing the right advisors for your business, experience really counts. An experienced professional helps you to run your business well and avoid all major and minor pitfalls. They also guide you while making important decisions and coming up with relevant business strategies.HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT STARTUP ADVISOR?Now that you know about the qualities to look out for in an ideal startup advisor; here’s a complete scoop on the entire process of hiring the right advisors.Select professionals on the basis of their expertise Every startup business requires a ‘dream team’. But then, as a startup you can’t end up hiring an advisor for every single expertise you need. Therefore, choose your most important areas of expertise and recruit professionals only for those skills.State your expectations right from the beginning While choosing advisors, it is always better to sign a contractual agreement that covers all the details regarding equity grant or expense reimbursement. You can also explicitly state the frequency of board meetings, official calls and the number of hours expected from a committed professional. Keep it short, simple and clear from the very beginning. This can easily avoid many unnecessary hassles in the long run.Keep the exchange candid You should constantly optimize the relationship with your startup advisors through some candid exchange of feedbacks. While advisors should be questioning about how they can be more helpful, entrepreneurs can counter question about how the professionals can be utilized better for assisting in the business.Have a backup plan Most entrepreneurs have remarked that their advisors have had a success rate of less than 50%. Due to this reason, it is quite na tural when you find a couple of advisors flaking out, changing industries, retiring, or turning out to be too busy for help. In such cases, it is always better to have an exit strategy that’ll come to work when either of the parties feels that the collaboration is not working out.3 ways to find the right team of startup advisorsYou can reach out and create your advisory board, in the following three ways.Hire peers The simplest and the most economical strategy for creating a board of advisors, is to look simply within your business groups and look out for the business owners who are trustworthy and respectable. Encourage them to participate in your monthly/quarterly board meetings, and in exchange, you can offer to sit on their board. In this way not only do you get the advantage of a credible outsider’s perspective but will also help you to build familiarity with your business.Join a program of the advisory board In case, you cannot find any individual with whom you can swap board seats, try opting for an advisory board program. Once you join this program, you will soon be assigned to a board that is pre-staffed. Here, most of the advisors will be the owners of other startup businesses who are willing to seek and offer advice to others.Hire professionals whom you trust You can also follow another alternative approach where you can find a set of advisors whom you respect and trust. They might be from varied professions, and you can try them for at least one-two year terms. Although this approach is slightly extravagant than the others, here, you can customize and ‘actually’ choose your core team of experts.HOW CAN YOU GET THE MOST FROM YOUR ADVISORS?Every business owner wishes to get the most out of their business. In this regard, they also expect their advisors to give their best shot and help them in all situations. Following are a couple of strategies that’ll help you to get the most out of these professionals.Ask Yes. You have to ask your cho sen advisors regarding their strategies, ideas, and advice. If you don’t ask, you won’t get the most. The reason why you chose advisors is simply because they are successful, knowledgeable people with excellent networking skills. This means, they have their prior commitments and are never idle. So, if you ever want their help, you will have to ask them for it. You have to take the first step.Understand your needs In order to get the most out of your advisors; you will have to understand your needs. Try to figure out the kind of advice you need and who can help you in this regard, even before you hire advisors.Payment If you’re asking for helping and counting on an expert for advice, you should also be willing, or rather, happy to pay. Never delay payments and make sure that these paid the exact amount of equities and remunerations as decided in the contract.Mutual respect Any and every contractual relationship is based on mutual respect. Therefore, you should particularly e nsure that you are respectable toward your chosen group of advisors. At the same time, ensure that you too are getting the same respect. Although many advisors come with more experience and scopes than the entrepreneurs, if you don’t feel respected, don’t waste your time with them.The startup advisory board is quite different from other board of advisors. It is more of a role, dealing with mentorship and its members do not really have any fiduciary responsibilities to the organization or the stakeholders. Once your company evolves from the startup stage, you will need a proper board of directors.In order to bring in real money and proper credibility to your startup, you will have to avoid costly development strategies. A proper advisory board is a minor investment and can be really handy for your business. In this regard, don’t be hesitant or afraid to ask people who are out of your realm. Always remember that, unless you ask, you never get to avail the best.All in all, if you ’re looking for someone who’ll do some great job for your company, a startup advisor can be an extremely viable decision. From providing sound advice to helping in recruitment, coming up with new ideas or making new connections; a startup advisor indeed comes with a series of multifaceted functions. Your relationship with the advisor, like any other relationship, will require energy, mutual respect, trust, communication, and commitment. So wait no more and choose the right experts to enjoy the best from your business.

Was Santiago Innocent - 1607 Words

WAS SANTIAGO NASAR INNOCENT? In the novel, ‘Chronicle of a Death Foretold’ by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Santiago never really learns of the motive behind his murder. We are given a very bias view of the reason that he was murdered for. The only evidence against him was Angela’s word. There was no real proof that he was the one who had taken Angela’s virginity. Santiago might have had a very â€Å"shit† (Marquez, 8) character, but Marquez subtly lets the reader see the other side of the coin where Santiago may have just been a mere victim of suspicion. This book is left very open ended for the readers to interpret the truth. Sometimes everything we†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"They’d gone three nights without sleeping† (Marquez, 79) this shows that when they began to fall asleep they would think about their crime an the murder scene of Santiago would keep replaying in their minds. This shows that they knew they had committed a n iniquitous deed. They probably knew he was innocent but needed to murder him in order to save the honour of their family. The murder of Santiago was a pill that kept them insomniac for life. Pedro even feared that â€Å"he wouldn’t sleep again for the rest of his life,† (Marquez, 80) Pedro began to have urine problems and he hadn’t slept in eleven months. The murder of Santiago had been publicised in even nook and corner of their town by the Vicario twins. If they actually wanted to murder Santiago they wouldn’t have told everyone about it. It can be said that there was another motive behind publicising the murder. â€Å"Twenty two people had heard everything said........ that the only reason they had said it was for someone to hear them.† (Marquez, 51) this quote divulges that they announced the murder around town in order for people to prevent them from murdering Santiago. Being Angela’s brothers it was their duty to hurt Santiago. But t hey wanted to be stopped as they probably knew that he wasn’t peccant and that he did not deserve to die. It shows that from within they didn’t even want to kill him. Pablo claimed that Pedro told him to go by himself to kill Santiago as he wasn’t in theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie A Few Good Men Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesCorporal Harold Dawson and Private First Class Louden Downey carried out a â€Å"code red† on Private First Class William Santiago that ultimately resulted in Santiago’s death. In the film A Few Good Men, nominated for an Academy Award for best picture and directed by Rob Reiner, Lieutenant Daniel Kaffee, investigates the crime and develops his own opinion on whether the murder of Santiago was ethically stable in terms of Dawson and Downey’s mental attitude towards their actions. Meanwhile, Dawson and DowneyRead MoreThe Father, The Son And Santiago Nasar939 Words   |  4 PagesDarla Calicher Mrs. Dowling IB/CITS English 11, Hour 2 11 March 2015 The Father, the Son and Santiago Nasar: Section Four journal Frequently, authors juxtapose the protagonists of their stories akin to historical, symbolic, or heroic figures. Throughout Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Marquez relates Santiago Nasar with the metaphysical and physical Jesus Christ; however, â€Å"no literary Christ figure can ever be as divine as Jesus Christ† according to Thomas Foster’s â€Å" YesRead MoreAssigning Blame in Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez1137 Words   |  5 PagesGarcà ­a Mà ¡rquez’s novella, Chronicle of a Death Foretold, the character development of Angela Vicario demonstrates that she is guilty for Santiago Nasar’s death; however, the different aspects of the hispanic culture also share the blame. Mà ¡rquez develops Angela Vicario’s character as a deceptive and gullible young girl which highlights her being guilty for Santiago Nasar’s death. Angela’s husband Bayardo San Roman finds out on the night of their wedding that Angela is not a virgin, and returns herRead MoreThe Alchemist Character Analysis1346 Words   |  6 Pages Coelho shares this idea as he attempts to describe what he believes this shared story is through a boy named Santiago. However, while the humanity and Santiago may share the same goals, the way that Santiago achieves them is unrealistic compared to most of society. Santiago begins innocent and unknowledgeable of the world, and goes out on a mission to find his Personal Legend. Santiago becomes more mature and knowledgeable throughout the story because of the different obstacles he overcomes onRead MoreChronicle of a Death Foretold Reflective1503 Words   |  7 Pagescriminals, and let the innocent walk. The judicial system allows f or there to be a trial where evidence is presented. Through the evidence presented, the jury then decides if the person on trial is innocent or guilty. Never in any trial, in any courthouse, under any judge would it be allowed for a murder to be justified so that one could restore a relative’s honor. However, this is not true in the location of Chronicle of a Death Foretold, as the Vicario twins were found innocent due to â€Å"legitimate caseRead MoreChronicle Of A Death Foretold By Gabriel Garcia Marquez1405 Words   |  6 Pagesdescription of individuals and their environment is used to expose and discuss the duality surrounding them. It draws into question the differing ways in which the natures of characters like Santiago Nasar and the Vicario twins can be interpreted. Throughout the novel, Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez’s descriptions Santiago Nasar lend themselves to two contrasting depictions; he is either the antagonist or the protagonist of the story. Either quality can be supported by the imagery Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez used in conjunctionRead MoreAnalysis Of Chronicle Of A Death Foretold By Gabriel Garcia Marquez1567 Words   |  7 Pagesform of a woman s value based on sexuality, was a prevailing influence of one s importance in society. Although, today one may say this perception of status has vanished and been interchanged by wealth, it is still an essential concept that differentiates one s superior qualities and character in society. This notion of honor is greatly portrayed in the novel Chronicle of a Death Foretold, by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, when Angelica’s brothers kill Santiago Nasar for taking her value as a woman. HoweverRead More Chronicle of a Death Foretold, by Gabriel Garcia-Marquez Essay1078 Words   |  5 Pagesvalues, s uch as honor, have become more important than the inherent good of human life. 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He reports that in his professional opinion, poison was the leading contributor to PFCRead MoreMachismo In Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Chronicles Of A Death Foretold1126 Words   |  5 PagesMachismo, in Latin American countries was derived from the word macho meaning an intense masculine pride. Machismo was first used in 1948, and was taken as a code of honour for men, rules that would make you considered macho. Respect and reputation are highly regarded as important traits in Machismo, and are the driving force of reason in the novel. (Add another sentence about the broadness of Machismo). The plot of the novel is based on the murder of Santiago Nasar, and is rooted in Machismo. The

Monologue Reading and Students - 6486 Words

Middle/High School Monologues Teaching Students to Read and Write Monologues Welcome to the World of Monologue A Sample Unit of Lessons for Middle and High School Teachers Jefferson County Public Schools Version 2.0 WELCOME TO THE WORLD OF MONOLOGUE By all reports from the field, this unit can be a lot of fun for you and your students: †¢ there’s performance †¢ there’s walking in others’ shoes and learning empathy 1 Middle/High School Monologues †¢ there’s connecting to Farris Bueller, Bill Cosby, Lily Tomlin, Hamlet and even Jay Leno †¢ there are even places for content area teachers to jump in. If you choose to use this unit later in the year, students might be more ready than ever to try on different personae or share their empathy†¦show more content†¦Table of Contents The following lessons are included in this Monologue Unit: Lesson 1: Lesson 2: Defining Monologue Reading Monologues 3 Middle/High School Monologues Lesson 3: Lesson 4: Lesson 5: Lesson 6: Lesson 7: Lesson 8: Lesson 9: Appendix Finding a Character Fleshing out a Character Finding the Focus Drafting the Monologue Revisiting Models Revision-by-Rehearsal Publishing-by-Presentation Extensions/Accommodations for ECE and Other Diverse Learners UNIT: TOPIC: Monologue Defining â€Å"Monologue,† Lesson 1 Students will determine qualities of monologue and identify them in models Literary Writing Literary Writing LESSON OBJECTIVES: CORE CONTENT: WR-M-1.3 WR-H-1.3 4 Middle/High School Monologues RD-M-1.0.12 Identify characteristics of short stories, novels, poetry, and plays RD-H 1.0.9 Analyze critically a variety of genre VOCABULARY: monologue, concept map RESOURCES AND MATERIALS: †¢ Text from 4-5 monologues (novel passages, TV, radio or movie scripts, student models, dramatic excerpts) †¢ copies of concept map for students †¢ Overhead definition of â€Å"monologue;† student copies optional †¢ Web sites and sources for monologues: www.whysanity.net/monos (blocked by JCPS, but assessable elsewhere) screenwriting.about.com/cs/availablescripts Winning Monologues for Young Actors (Peg Kehret, Meriwether Publishing, Ltd.) 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The American Dream in the Works of John Steinbeck and...

Two writers who come quickly to my mind whenever I hear or see images of American patriotism are John Steinbeck and Hunter S. Thompson. As different as these two men are, their writing is similar in that the American Dream constantly fails their characters. Both seek to define America and the American Dream, however, it remains seemingly elusive, and both writers fail to find it. I choose Steinbeck and Thompson because, to me, their writing styles are the same. They have the same lust for language and powerful writing. Their subjects are contemporary; they are not necessarily moral or upright, but are average people. Both view the world in the same sad way, that people are as easily led to beauty as deceit, joy to sorrow and life to†¦show more content†¦Personal journalism is only worth reading if something exciting or out of the ordinary happens, and takes a certain touch. (As human beings, we tend to go for the exciting. In Travels, Steinbeck may as well have printed how many times he changed his underwear). Travels is a failure all in itself, as Steinbeck throws his characteristic prose out the window. Thompson also goes on the road. Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas: A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream, while a smashing success, is a two-fold failure. First, Thompson and his attorney (Oscar Zeta Acosta; the attorney is never named, except, some think, in the urgent speed letter as Dr. Gonzo) also fail to find the American Dream. With all its opportunities for sex, drugs, and money, they simply cant find it, no matter how hard they try. The second failure is one on part of Thompson; he edited the manuscript at least five or six times, destroying his goal of quot;buying a big fat red notebook and writing things basically as they happenedquot;. The book is not true gonzo journalism, as it had been tainted by editing as well as Acostas threats of libel. Perhaps the heart of the American Dream for these two writers is Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath and Thompsons Hells Angels and Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. Grapes was written near the end of the Great Depression and published in 1939. Interestingly enough,

Tax Havens and the Disclosure Aggregation - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Tax Havens and the Disclosure Aggregation. Answer: Panama papers covered an unprecedented leak of over 11.5 million files from Mossack Fonseca, which is the fourth biggest offshore law firm across the globe (Harding, 2016a). These documents highlighted the different manners in which the well-off were exploiting the secretive tax regimes offshore. Among the 143 politicians revealed in these papers, 12 were national leaders, or had their close associates and families who were using these offshore tax havens. There was a $2 billion trail which led all the way to Vladimir Putin. The others included the Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif, the President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko, the Prime Minister of Iceland Sigmundur Dav Gunnlaugsson, and a number of other prominent personalities (Harding, 2016b). Panama leak highlighted the manner in which there were hidden beneficial owners who used secretive companies. Due to the Panama leak, the issue of tax minimisations schemes were again questioned on whether these were ethical or whether s uch schemes were inherently unethical. This question resulted in another great question where the role of government in such schemes was questioned. This was in terms of government being required to take an action on such schemes, or to deem it as legitimate conduct (Akamah, Hope and Thomas, 2017). This discussion is focused on highlighting that such tax minimisation schemes are not ethical and that the government needs to take action on such schemes. A part of good governance practices is the companies working to minimize the tax liability which they have, by undertaken tax planning. In doing so, the companies use the tools and methods which have been allowed by the government. Even though tax planning is legal due to the tax compliant behaviour, in reality, it presents a grey area between tax planning and tax avoidance. Even though tax avoidance is categorized as legitimate, one cannot deny that it is an aggressive way of bringing down the tax liability by using certain arrangements or financial instruments which were not originally meant to be used in such manner. Based on the theme of this discussion, the use of overseas tax heavens is one of such modes. In order to avoid tax, the rules under the tax system are bent, which even though is not illegal, but does prove to be unethical, due to them following only the letter of law, in place of its spirit. So, even when the law is followed, the undertaken lowering of taxation is une thical (Back, 2013). The reason for saying that this undertaking is as unethical stems from a range of factors. The first reason in this context is that tax is a social responsibility. The government imposes and collects tax, which is then used to provide the daily base things to the public, in terms of the public infrastructure, public services, and for other different reasons. Due to the tough economic times, there are already cuts in the government spending, and where the multinational companies decide to avoid paying their share of taxes, the condition is set to worsen up. The systematic tax avoidance by the companies and rich individuals would definitely strike an ugly note in the already harsh times (Cable, 2009). Tax avoidance has been voted as the second most significant ethical issue as per the 2012 IBE survey (Ipsos, 2012). So, where tax is avoided, it is basically the social obligation being avoided. What starts with tax planning, transitions into tax avoidance, leading to the company becoming selfish and greedy and this ultimately destroys the trust of the public and damages its reputation. The leading example of this includes Amazon, Google and Starbucks who were not only vilified but also were boycotted due to their tax policies (Barford and Holt, 2013). It is the duty of the multination companies and the rich individuals to pay their fair share of tax in the nation where they operate, as it allows for the funding of public services like infrastructure, healthcare and education. And this also benefits the multinationals and rich people paying off the tax, be it in a direct manner or in an indirect manner. As a result of tax avoidance, the very integrity of the taxation system is undermined. One of the famous tactics used to avoid tax is to show that the company earned no profit. Where the company earns no profit, it would not be required to pay the corporation tax. So, even with high sales, the companies are able to show that they made no profits. HMRC recently made attempts to put the gap in corporation tax collected and the amount which should have been collected where the spirit of law in figures. This differencing figure stood at 4.1 billon (IBE, 2013). The other campaigners of this issue have estimated this value to be over 12 b illon (Murphy, 2012). 98 of the FTSE 100 companies, as per the ActionAid report of 2011 used tax havens as a mode of reducing their company tax bills (Action Aid, 2011). The companies play tax games where they shift their profits in between different jurisdictions in order to exploit the mismatches and gaps in the rules of taxation. The companies trade in an artificial manner with the shell companies which become a part of the same company group, and basically conduct business with them, in order to get the profits to disappear. As a result of this, the companies pay no or very little corporate tax. There were famous personalities like Bono, Lewis Hamilton and the Queen who had been criticized for avoiding the liabilities of tax by use of such schemes (Goff, 2017; Garside, 2017; Osborne, 2017). Even though there is a variation in their levels of culpability, they continue to be ignorant and aware of the manner in which such arrangements functions for their betterment (Lord, 2018). Where the focus is put on the ill-effects of tax avoidance upon the society, instead of defining it in a legal manner, it becomes clear that it results in growing inequality, which not only undermines the legitimacy of the state, but also increases the tax burden on the resident taxpayers (Alstadster, Johannesen and Zucman, 2017). Apart from this, the accommodation of the government, towards those structures which allow such instances of tax avoidance to take place, allows for the misuse of these in order to conceal criminal monies. An example of this is UK where there are a number of investments from such multinational companies which are based in the offshore tax havens in the property market, where there is suspicious wealth being made use of for purchasing the high end properties in UK (Allin, 2017). Tax avoidance basically shifts the funds from the public purse, which become more crucial in times of economic uncertainties and undermines the perceived social fairness. Due to thes e reasons, there is a need for the governments to bring out some measures which could restrict such activities. One of the manners of doing this is by adopting the unitary tax regime, in which the multinational businesses are deemed as single entity when it comes to the tax terms (Picciotto, 2017). Though, till the time the legal requirements for the avoidance schemes are formally approved by the state, before these are being used, instead of these being ended once they are discovered, there continues to be scope for the tax entrepreneurs to escape their tax liability (Lord, 2018). In order to further highlight how the tax minimisation by the multinational companies in unethical, there is a need to apply the leading ethical theories. The utilitarian ethics in business is the key theory which is of assistance. As per this theory, which was given by John Stuart Mill, such actions are deemed as right which help in promoting happiness for the majority. And where an action produces the reverse of happiness, it would be deemed as wrong. Tax avoidance is clearly classified in the wrong area of this theory. This is because the taxes are imposed with the intention of helping in the redistribution of earnings in a nation by taking a profit portion and then making use of it for forming the requisite programs which follow the common good theme. Where such happens that a company or an individual takes away this very liability for redistributing as a result of their tax practices, it shows that they act in an unethical manner, when the same is analysed through the lens of a utilitarian (Hall, 2015). The next ethical theory useful for present instance is virtue ethics. Virtue ethics determine that an action is to be taken as ethical, where it upholds certain virtues like honesty, integrity, justness and fairness (Winter, 2011). When the tax avoidance schemes are looked at, they reveal that there is no honesty or integrity in such acts. The purpose of indulging in such acts is merely to deceive the general public and the tax departments by showing that no profit is earned, which could be taxed; but the reality is that the profit is being diverted to shell companies, and retained for person use. This also shows the greed of the companies and individuals indulged in tax avoidance. The companies avoid paying their fair share of tax, which ultimately hurts the general public as the government is left with limited funds to work towards the betterment of such public members. It is not fair for the general public that the top cater make use of the tax avoidance schemes in fancy ways, whi ch ultimately takes away from them the things and facilities they require. Coming to the Kantian view, the need is to look at the actions undertaken by the multinational companies in order to avoid or limit their liability of tax. The Kantian view requires the undertaken actions to be ethical, instead of the result of such actions (Bowie, 2017). The multinational companies indulge in the schemes, which had been created for some other purpose by the government, just so that they do not have to pay high taxes. The actions too are thus immoral in cases of tax avoidance. So, the three leading ethical theories demonstrate that neither the undertaken actions, nor their results in the tax avoidance process is ethical, along with the absence of virtues like honesty and integrity, which is expected from such multinational companies. The large figures of the estimated loss owing to the instances of tax avoidance further strengthen the view that tax avoidance is not ethical. Panama papers were just one of the various leaks which have highlighted that tax avoidance is a real menace. The Panama leaks had 2.6 terabytes of information which was drawn from the internal database of Mossack Fonseca (Harding, 2016b). It is time that more attention is paid to the matters revolving around tax avoidance and for drawing up ways through which such unethical tasks is given the tag of being illegal as well. Only then can this menace be cured. Instead of raising arguments in favour of, or against tax avoidance is not needed as already a lot of time has been wasted in this context. It is high time that governments acts on this topic, and hides the responsible individuals, thereby bringing transparency to the tax planning process. To conclude, the Panama papers highlighted the problems of tax avoidance again, and this is not the only leak which contributed to this disclosure. There have been a number of instances which prove that these tax avoidance practices ultimately hurt the general public. This is the reason why it becomes crucial to examine the tax practices again, analyse all the issues related to the tax planning, from both legal and ethical standpoints. This is the need of time if the interests of the general public are to be secured, and for stopping such instances from happening again. There is a need to put stop of the multinational companies and the rich individuals making misuse of the schemes provided for other causes; and for bringing in the measures through which not only the letter of law, but the spirit of law is adhered to as well. Thus, from the discussion undertaken earlier, it can be concluded that tax minimisation by the multinational companies is unethical, due to these being against t he social responsibility, and being unethical based on the ethical theories. References Action Aid. (2011) Addicted to tax havens: The secret life of the FTSE 100. [Online] Available from: https://www.actionaid.org.uk/sites/default/files/doc_lib/addicted_to_tax_havens.pdf [Accessed 26/02/18] Akamah, H., Hope, O., and Thomas, W.B. (2017) Tax Havens and Disclosure Aggregation. Rotman School of Management, Working Paper No. 2419573. Allin, S. (2017) Billions of corrupt wealth fuelling London housing crisis. [Online] Available from: https://www.ftadviser.com/property/2017/03/07/billions-of-corrupt-wealth-fuelling-london-housing-crisis/ [Accessed 26/02/18] Alstadster, A., Johannesen, N., and Zucman, G. (2017) Tax Evasion and Inequality. [Online] Available from: https://gabriel-zucman.eu/files/AJZ2017.pdf [Accessed 26/02/18] Back, F. (2013) Avoiding tax may be legal, but can it ever be ethical? [Online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/avoiding-tax-legal-but-ever-ethical [Accessed 26/02/18] Barford, V., and Holt, G. (2013) Google, Amazon, Starbucks: The rise of 'tax shaming'. [Online] Available from: https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-20560359 [Accessed 26/02/18] Bowie, N. E. (2017)Business ethics: A Kantian perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cable, V. (2009) This crisis must spur us to take on the tax avoiders. [Online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2009/feb/03/vince-cable-tax-revenue [Accessed 26/02/18] Garside, J. (2017) Lewis Hamilton avoided taxes on 16.5m jet using Isle of Man scheme. [Online] Available from: https://www.actionaid.org.uk/sites/default/files/doc_lib/addicted_to_tax_havens.pdf [Accessed 26/02/18] Goff, P. (2017) Tax rogues like Bono are harming the worlds poorest people. [Online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/nov/07/tax-bono-harming-world-poorest-glastonbury-avoidance-paradise-papers [Accessed 26/02/18] Hall, K.S. (2015) The Ethics of Tax Avoidance and Tax Evasion. [Online] Available from: https://www.neumann.edu/about/publications/NeumannBusinessReview/journal/Review2015/Hall.pdf [Accessed 26/02/18] Harding, L. (2016a) Panama Papers: a special investigation Mossack Fonseca: inside the firm that helps the super-rich hide their money. [Online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/news/2016/apr/08/mossack-fonseca-law-firm-hide-money-panama-papers [Accessed 26/02/18] Harding, L. (2016b) What are the Panama Papers? A guide to history's biggest data leak. [Online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/news/2016/apr/03/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-panama-papers [Accessed 26/02/18] IBE. (2013) Tax Avoidance as an Ethical Issue for Business. [Online] Available from: https://www.ibe.org.uk/userassets/briefings/ibe_briefing_31_tax_avoidance_as_an_ethical_issue_for_business.pdf [Accessed 26/02/18] Ipsos. (2012) Sharp decline in those who think businesses behave ethically. [Online] Available from: https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/sharp-decline-those-who-think-businesses-behave-ethically [Accessed 26/02/18] Lord, N. (2018) Tax avoidance might be legal, but its time we seriously questioned its ethics.[Online] Available from: https://theconversation.com/tax-avoidance-might-be-legal-but-its-time-we-seriously-questioned-its-ethics-87133 [Accessed 26/02/18] Murphy, R. (2012) How come the big business tax gap is 12 billion a year when they and HMRC deny it? [Online] Available from: https://www.taxresearch.org.uk/Blog/2012/04/15/how-come-the-big-business-tax-gap-is-12-billion-a-year-when-they-and-hmrc-deny-it/ [Accessed 26/02/18] Osborne, H. (2017) Revealed: Queen's private estate invested millions of pounds offshore. [Online] Available from: https://www.actionaid.org.uk/sites/default/files/doc_lib/addicted_to_tax_havens.pdf [Accessed 26/02/18] Picciotto, S. (2017) Taxing Multinational Enterprises as Unitary Firms. [Online] Available from: https://www.ids.ac.uk/publication/taxing-multinational-enterprises-as-unitary-firms [Accessed 26/02/18] Winter, M. (2011). Rethinking Virtue Ethics. New York: Springer.

Briar Rose Essay Research Paper In a free essay sample

Briar Rose Essay, Research Paper In a nutshell: Briar Rose is the narrative of the Holocaust intertwined with the fairy narrative of Sleeping Beauty. The narrative begins with the decease of the # 8220 ; Gemma, # 8221 ; the grandma of Becca. Through out Becca? s life Gemma told the narrative of Sleeping Beauty many times to her. Now, nevertheless, after doing a promise to her grandmother, to happen her past, the one time undistinguished faeries narrative might be a hint to her existent yesteryear. Before her grandma # 8217 ; s decease Becca had vowed to carry through her grandmas promise, which was to rediscover her beginning. After the grandma # 8217 ; s decease, Becca became intrigued in what she had found in a box Gemma left behind. In the box there were merely obscure hints about Gemma? s yesteryear. Drawn to the enigma of her grandmas past, Becca continued to seek for hints. After happening out what could be a lead to Gemma? s yesteryear, Becca decides to travel to Poland were everything began. Once in Poland Becca tries to work out the enigma. When Becca goes to Joseph Potocki, a one time close friend of Gemma, this is all answered There in Joseph Potocki # 8217 ; s house Becca finds the shocking decision to her grandma # 8217 ; s past. Gemma # 8217 ; s fairy narratives were non all so make believ vitamin E in the terminal. The narrative Joseph told was flooring. Gemma # 8217 ; s yesteryear was darker than Becca idea. As Joseph told his narrative, Becca began to recognize non merely the significance of the narrative ; but besides what Gemma really went through. The narrative explained Joseph? s and Gemma? s flight from the Holocaust. Joseph goes on to explicate how he had saved Gemma by conveying her dorsum to life, the flight from the concentration cantonments, and eventually, freedom. After happening the truth Becca returns place content, cognizing she has fulfilled her vow. What # 8217 ; s so particular: The book has a rich and challenging narrative line. It uses the fairy narrative of Sleeping Beauty intertwined with the Holocaust to do an all most life like narrative, that keeps you reading for more. The book is set-up with two narratives, both being told side by side, with one exclusion: Becca # 8217 ; s retelling of Joseph # 8217 ; s narrative. One narrative retells certain memories Becca had with her grandma, and the 2nd narrative is about what is soon traveling on in Becca # 8217 ; s life. Should I care: This is surely one book to look into. Using two narratives intertwined, the book is fascinating and makes you read for more. It # 8217 ; s one book you won # 8217 ; t want to set down until you # 8217 ; re done.

Ultramares Doctrine Narrative essay Example

Ultramares Doctrine Narrative essay Example Essay Sample Accounting is one of the professions that require outmost care. In many cases, accountants ensure that they execute their duties, as the work requires. Despite this, there are cases when accountant conduct themselves in ways that do not conform to their ethnic requirements. In a case, the Ultramares doctrine is used assess the liability of accountants. Based on this doctrine, accountants are liable to third parties when they do not exercise due care, and when they are aware that third parties will see their work or use them for other purpose. Given the provision of this doctrine, I tend to differ with it concerning how accountants should be assessed when they err and fail take due care. There is need for accounting professionals to use another tool to assess the liability of accountants. This is because the Ultramares doctrine does not provide sufficient measures that can motivate accountants to practice due care in their work. For instance, an accountant may failt to take precautions while executing his work and therefore end up committing a liability. In this case, one may feel comfortable that the client may not be aware of their work or use them in any way that might harm them. The flaw in the Ultramares doctrine calls for an efficient tool that will assess accountants in an efficient way. In accounting profession, accountant should not base their ethical consideration on the Ultramares doctrine because of its shortcoming. First, the Ultramares doctrine will make accountants practice care when need be and not as a duty. This is against the ethical standards of professionals that put the interest of the client before that of the professional. In this case, accountants must be able to protect the client from any harm rather than ensure worry about him committing a liability. I believe that contemporary business does not favor the use of Ultramares Doctrine because of its influence on business operations.

Human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

Human resource management - Essay Example Employee surveys have been invariably defined as questionnaires that employees are required to ensure that they fill out. These questionnaires are designed to enquire about some specific information that the employers might wish to know. Employers can be able to administer their company employees with these employee surveys at any time and these employee surveys are often given to employees at the time of their exit interviews. Of significant importance to note is that there happens to fundamentally be no incorrect answers on employee surveys as these surveys are not regarded to be tests and are mainly opinion based (McConnell, 2003). An effective employee survey can greatly help Jollibee Food Corporation in catalyzing, partnership with employees, motivation and communication. Attributes such as organizational vitality, morale, commitment and productivity can also be substantially improved throughout the organization by acting upon and listening to the suggestions proposed by the emp loyees. To achieve its effectiveness this survey plan of the corporation’s employees will look into some of the critical aspects of effectively administrating an employees’ survey. Some of these aspects include defining what the survey will aim to achieve, the risks and challenges that will probably be experienced in administrating the survey, the costs involved, the expected benefits as well as the measures that will be undertaken to ensure that the employees’ survey is conducted in an ethical and professional manner. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 What The Employee Survey should be able to Achieve 5 Challenges Experienced in the Effective Administration of a Survey 5 The Risks, Costs and Potential Difficulties That can arise in the Administration of an Effective Employees Survey and the Possible Measures that can be taken to effectively manage them 7 The Expected and Possible Benefits of the Research Survey 11 Measures that will serve to ensure that the Survey is conducted in an Ethical and Professional Manner 11 Conclusion 13 Bibliography 14 What The Employee Survey should be able to Achieve The Employee survey should help employers measure some of the critical aspects of the workplace such as the general effectiveness of the organizational processes, the employee morale in the organization. Employees are able to provide relatively accurate measures of these aspects as they are directly responsible for facilitating the different operations of the organization and as a result of their being directly in the action, these employees have an accurate perception of the state of things in the organization, what needs to be improved as well as how the organization’s different processes work. After the outcomes of a survey have been collected and effectively analyzed, in order for Jollibee Food Corporation to be able to effectively reap the benefits of the data received from the survey, employers can proceed to implement a raft of organizational changes to help in the creation of more efficient and effective processes, in addition to aiding in the uplifting of the morale within

How do you create a truly customer-centric islamic financial Essay

How do you create a truly customer-centric islamic financial institution - Essay Example More particularly, in case of retail banking range of bank networks, size is an important factor, in which they are seen to suffer heavily (Presley, 2013). Figure 1 Source: (Garbois et al., 2012) Therefore, the Islamic banks should focus on these two areas; firstly on other channels like phone banking and online banking in order to increase market share. Secondly, the Islamic banks should also look for establishing alternative branch model depending on the needs of the customers. The alternative branch model also offers other advantages like reduction in operating cost, set-up time and capital investment. When the Islamic banks are competing with the conventional banks, it signifies that they are attracting the customers, who give less significance to the Sharia compliance while conducting their financial deals and more importance is given to the efficient services and products that are offered by the banking market in large (Anon, 2010). The three key elements that are most importan t while targeting the right customers segment are; firstly, is the identification of the customers segment that is least open to the Islamic banks for their financial purposes. This step leads to identification of the exclusion. ... Designing strategies to attract these customers can make the Islamic banks much more competent to face the competition from the conventional banks. In order to achieve this objective, the banks need to identify broader set of customer’s requirement and remain at par with the conventional banks in regards to pricing and ease of use. In this context, product innovation should be given paramount importance. There are some products that can be offered in the new Islamic banking structure that are not in compliance with the Sharia law like the hedge fund, which are for the high net worth individuals and derivatives, that are for the corporate clients. Some Islamic banks are now seen to offer derivative products by going against the compliance law (Bock, 2010). Top tips for creating and maintaining a customer-centric organisation In order to create a customer centric image, the organization needs to emphasize on the environmental and social efforts and apart from these, ethical valu es should also be given importance. In order to incorporate those in the Islamic banks, the employees should be educated about the Islamic bank structure and products. Customers play a very important role in generating revenue and sales for the organization, whether it is financial or any non-financial institution. Studies have shown that customer focus is very low in Islamic banks. Therefore, in order to increase the revenue, customer satisfaction should be the top priority. Following should be done in order to focus on the customers: Whenever dealing with any product, the salesperson needs to be very well aware of the product and services they are offering. This awareness is seen to

Laws of Concentration and Centralization: A Modern Review

Laws of Concentration and Centralization: A Modern Review Sourish Dutta Abstract Though the basic (late 1860s) Marxian model, under capitalist mode of production, assumes (more or less) perfectly competitive markets with a large number of small firms in each industry, Marx was cognizant of the growing size of firms, the consequent weakening of competition, and the growth of monopolistic power. Hence, capital has the inclination for concentration and centralization in the hands of richest capitalists. Actually, the concentration and centralization of capital are two capital accumulation techniques. Such concentration and centralization of capital can be clearly detected at this modern time—especially in the USA—in the massive occurrences of the mergers, acquisitions and conglomerates. In this assignment, henceforth, I will be trying to cultivate an analytical discussion about these two interlinked concepts and their implications and repercussions in this modern world of capitalism. Prologue The contemporary financial catastrophe of 2008 brings back the Marxian laws of concentration and centralization of capital in the modern form. They are often confused but must be clearly distinguished. Marx explained it most famously in chapter 25 of volume 1 of Capital. Though his dynamic intellectual exploration engrossed in the industrial capital, the same tendency holds with respect to financial capital in present scenario. With the increasing mass of wealth which functions as capital, accumulation increases the concentration of that wealth in the hands of individual capitalists, and thereby widens the basis of production on a large scale and of the specific methods of capitalist production†¦ It is concentration of capitals already formed, destruction of their individual independence, expropriation of capitalist by capitalist, transformation of many small into few large capitals. This process differs from the former in this, that it only presupposes a change in the distribution of capital already to hand, and functioning†¦ Capital grows in one place to a huge mass in a single hand, because it has in another place been lost by many. This is centralisation proper, as distinct from accumulation and concentration. In brief, by concentration we make out the upsurge of capital that is due to the capitalisation of the surplus value originated through accumulation of surplus value of labour. Indeed, increasing concentration of capital occurs as individual capitalists accumulate more and more capital, thereby increasing the absolute amount of capital under their control. The size of the firm or economic unit of production is increased correspondingly, and the degree of competition in the market tends to be diminished; under centralisation we understand the joining together of various individual capital units which thus form a new larger unit. Actually, more important reason for the reduction of competition is the centralization of capital. Centralization occurs through a redistribution of already existing capital in a manner that places its ownership and control in fewer and fewer hands. Marx maintained that larger firms would be able to achieve economies of scale and thus produce at lower average costs than would smaller firms. However, concentration and centralisation, influence one another. A great concentration of capital accelerates the absorption of small-scale enterprises by large-scale ones; conversely, centralisation aids the increase of individual capital units and so accelerates the process of concentration[1],[2]. Beside this, recent experience of financial crisis also conveys a new phenomenal dimension in the context of Marxian crisis in capitalist mode of production. This phenomenon gives rise to the doctrine of Too Big to Fail (TBTF)[3]. Rationale behind these laws The main logic behind these two laws of capitalism is the force of capital accumulation or the self-expansion of capital. Here we have to note two distinct concepts, namely, individual capital and social capital. Marx observes: The fact that the social capital is equal to the sum of the individual capitals (including the joint-stock capital or the state capital, so far as governments employ productive wage-labour in mines, railways etc., perform the function of industrial capitalists), and that the aggregate movement of social capital is equal to the algebraic sum of the movements of the individual capitals, does not in any way preclude the possibility that this movement as the movement of a single individual capital, may present other phenomena than the same movement does when considered from the point of view of a part of the aggregate movement of social capital, hence in its interconnection with the movements of its other parts. †¦Every individual capital forms, however, but an individualised fraction, a fraction endowed with individual life, as it were, of the aggregate social capital, just as every individual capitalist is but an individual element of the capitalist class. The movement of the soci al capital consists of the totality of the movements of its individualised fractional parts, the turnovers of the individual capitals. The self-expansion of individual capital is accomplished through the appropriation of surplus value by maximizing the rate of profit, while the movement of the social capital leads to the equalisation of rates of profit. Individual capital is a thing as well as a relation, and so is the social capital; moreover, the social capital denotes another dimension of social relation, namely, the relation between industrial, financial and commercial branches, and also between branches, sectors and departments of the productive system. Nevertheless, it is also to be noted that in a capitalist economy, state capital is an integral part of social capital. In juridical form, state capital is indeed different from private joint-stock capital, but its movements determine, and are determined by, the movements of social capital. Concentration The other name of self-expansion of individual capital is concentration of capital, according to Marx. It has nothing to do with the statistical concept of concentration ratio on the pattern of Gini, Lorenz or Atkinson. The concentration of capital in the Marxian sense is measured in absolute terms with reference to a single individual capital, without regard to the rest of the individual capitals; in other words, it is not a ratio of any two magnitudes. At one place Marx says that simple concentration of the means of production and of the command over labour is identical with accumulation, and at another he equates the rate of self-expansion of the total capital with the rate of profit. Every individual capital is a larger or smaller concentration of the means of production, with a corresponding command over a larger or smaller labour-army, says Marx. Every accumulation becomes the means of new accumulation. Clearly, by concentration Marx does not mean anything like the Gini coefficient or the Lorenz ratio. Now, accumulation is the prime mover of capitalism, and concentration increases with accumulation. Since the rate of profit is uniform throughout the economy, should every capitalist accumulate the entire profits (or equal pro- portion of profit) then each individual capital would grow at the same rate. In that event, there would be a continuous rise in the concentration of capital in the Marxian sense, but not so in the usual statistical sense. To put it differently, a constancy in the statistical concentration ratio does not imply a cessation of the Marxian concentration of capital. Movements of social capital tend to bring about equalisation of profit rate throughout the economy, but in fact profit rates do vary from one branch of production to another at any given period. Besides, as we know, one portion (of the surplus value) if employed as capital, is accumulated 13 and the portion of this plough-back may not be the same for every individual capita- list. A bigger capitalist accumulates a larger percentage of the surplus value appropriated by him. Hence, the rates of self- expansion of various individual capitals-that is to say, their rates of concentration-differ. If the bigger capital effects a higher rate of self-expansion, then the statistical concentration ratio would rise with the Marxian concentration of capital. With the rising concentration of capital a qualitative change takes place-the organic composition of capital goes up, and hence the rate of profit declines bringing in its trail a crisis which we shall take up for discussion below. [1] http://www.economictheories.org/2008/07/karl-marx-concentration-and.html [2]N.I. Bukharin: Imperialism and World Economy [3] According to some economists, when banks and finance corporations become too big, their failure has systemic implications, inflicting collateral damage on individuals who may have nothing directly to do with those banks or corporations. Governments then feel compelled to rescue these large entities in order to minimize the collateral damage, and the anticipation of such bailout promotes reckless behaviour.

Essay --

Lisette Galvan Outlining - Position Paper Title: Should the Level of Immigration Be Heightened and Border Security Tightened? Thesis statement : I truly believe that the level of immigration should be increased but only with the exception that border security should be better utilized. If people from other countries want to better their lives here and agree to â€Å"play by the rules† then it should be allowed and put into law. Immigration seems to a big issue these days in America.The main concern that many Americans have is that immigrants will swipe the available jobs that are offered here and will consequently leave the natural born citizens with nothing. The idea that drug dealers and terrorists are more prevalent to enter the country is also a strong fear. There are obviously many in the U.S. who are here illegally that should not be but there should be a way that they can earn citizenship. Essay Map If someone is not of Native American descent, their ancestors are immigrants. The economy will improve Border Security needs to be stronger. Immigration reform should be put in...